Who invented surround sound system

However, Mr. Cashin's sound matrix provide excellent steering as well as a huge increase in channel separation. Utra Stereo Labs was founded by Mr. Ultra's first movie was Robert Altman's 'Nashvile'. Please contact us if you have questions or concerns about the Privacy Notice or any objection to any revisions.

We tend to think of surround sound as a modern development. In this article, Michael Miller reminds us that the first version of surround sound actually premiered during World War II, and eventually evolved into the home theater surround sound of today.

Like this article? We recommend. We recommend Like this article? Overview Pearson Education, Inc. Collection and Use of Information To conduct business and deliver products and services, Pearson collects and uses personal information in several ways in connection with this site, including: Questions and Inquiries For inquiries and questions, we collect the inquiry or question, together with name, contact details email address, phone number and mailing address and any other additional information voluntarily submitted to us through a Contact Us form or an email.

Surveys Pearson may offer opportunities to provide feedback or participate in surveys, including surveys evaluating Pearson products, services or sites. Contests and Drawings Occasionally, we may sponsor a contest or drawing. Newsletters If you have elected to receive email newsletters or promotional mailings and special offers but want to unsubscribe, simply email information informit. Service Announcements On rare occasions it is necessary to send out a strictly service related announcement.

Customer Service We communicate with users on a regular basis to provide requested services and in regard to issues relating to their account we reply via email or phone in accordance with the users' wishes when a user submits their information through our Contact Us form. Other Collection and Use of Information Application and System Logs Pearson automatically collects log data to help ensure the delivery, availability and security of this site.

Web Analytics Pearson may use third party web trend analytical services, including Google Analytics, to collect visitor information, such as IP addresses, browser types, referring pages, pages visited and time spent on a particular site. Cookies and Related Technologies This site uses cookies and similar technologies to personalize content, measure traffic patterns, control security, track use and access of information on this site, and provide interest-based messages and advertising.

Security Pearson uses appropriate physical, administrative and technical security measures to protect personal information from unauthorized access, use and disclosure. Children This site is not directed to children under the age of Marketing Pearson may send or direct marketing communications to users, provided that Pearson will not use personal information collected or processed as a K school service provider for the purpose of directed or targeted advertising.

Such marketing is consistent with applicable law and Pearson's legal obligations. Pearson will not knowingly direct or send marketing communications to an individual who has expressed a preference not to receive marketing. Where required by applicable law, express or implied consent to marketing exists and has not been withdrawn. Sale of Personal Information Pearson does not rent or sell personal information in exchange for any payment of money.

Supplemental Privacy Statement for California Residents California residents should read our Supplemental privacy statement for California residents in conjunction with this Privacy Notice. Sharing and Disclosure Pearson may disclose personal information, as follows: As required by law. Links This web site contains links to other sites.

Requests and Contact Please contact us about this Privacy Notice or if you have any requests or questions relating to the privacy of your personal information. Last Update: November 17, Email Address. Regarding the choice of Procella, Someya-san said…. ODEON cinemas can be found in…. Lost Your Password? Username or E-mail:. Login Register. Immersive Speaker Systems. Loudspeakers, subwoofers, and amplifiers for any size room from 2 to seats.

Cinema Heritage. Procella loudspeakers are the only loudspeakers purpose-built for HD audio formats. High-Performance Loudspeakers. Going to the movies today is a very different experience from going to the movies 70 years ago -- the picture is clearer, most of the movies are in color , and the admission price is a lot higher.

But the biggest change is probably the sound experience. In movie theaters of the s, the entire soundtrack was played on a single speaker or collection of speakers positioned behind the movie screen. Today, theater audiences expect to hear sound coming from every direction; and the technology that once characterized only movie theaters is now fairly standard in home entertainment centers.

In this article, we'll take a look at the surround-sound systems that have become standard movie theater equipment. We'll also look at home-theater surround-sound setups and get you started building your own. There are many ways to make and present a sound recording. The simplest method, and the one used in the earliest sound movies, is called monaural or simply mono.

Mono means that all the sound is recorded onto one audio track or channel a single spiraled groove in a record, for example, or a single magnetic track on tape , which is typically played on one speaker. This isn't entirely accurate, as stereo or stereophonic actual refers to a wider range of multi-channel recordings. Two-channel sound is the standard format for home stereo receivers, television and FM radio broadcasts.

The simplest two-channel recordings, known as binaural recordings , are produced with two microphones set up at a live event a concert for example to take the place of a human's two ears. When you listen to these two channels on separate speakers, it recreates the experience of being present at the event.

Surround recordings take this idea a step further, adding more audio channels so sound comes from three or more directions. While the term "surround sound" technically refers to specific multi-channel systems designed by Dolby Laboratories , it is more commonly used as a generic term for theater and home theater multi-channel sound systems. In this article, we'll use it in this generic sense. There are special microphones that will record surround sound by picking up sound in three or more directions , but this is not the standard way to produce a surround soundtrack.

Almost all movie surround soundtracks are created in a mixing studio. Sound editors and mixers take a number of different audio recordings -- dialogue recorded on the movie set, sound effects recorded in a dubbing studio or created on a computer, a musical score -- and decide which audio channel or channels to put them on.

In the next section, we'll learn a little bit about how surround sound was created and see how it was configured in older theaters.

Over the years, there have been many different approaches to surround sound. Walt Disney's " Fantasia " , one of the earliest surround-sound movies, immersed the audiences in classical music. Disney sound engineer William Garity took separate recordings of each orchestra section and mixed them to produce four distinct audio tracks, which were recorded as optical tracks on a separate reel of film. The four tracks drove different speakers positioned around the theater.

In an equipped theater, the music seemed to move around the auditorium, an effect achieved by sound panning. Panning involves fading a sound a violin melody, for example from one audio channel while building it on another. To show "Fantasia" in surround sound, a theater needed an additional projector to play just the soundtrack, as well as an expensive receiver and speaker assembly.

Check out Film Sound History for a thorough history of how "Fantasound" came about. This surround-sound system didn't catch on the necessary equipment was prohibitively expensive , but by the late s, many Hollywood movies were encoded with simpler multi-channel formats.

Several different theater setups emerged in this era, including the famous Cinerama and Cinemascope , but most of them used the same basic sound technology. As a whole, these systems were referred to as stereophonic sound , or simply theater stereo. Stereophonic sound used four or more analog magnetic audio tracks around the edges of the film. Magnetic tracks could not produce as clear a sound as the conventional optical audio tracks , and they tended to fade over time, but they took up a lot less space on the film.

The standard film format did not have enough room for more than two optical tracks, but it was possible to squeeze as many as six magnetic tracks around the film frame.

See How Movie Sound Works to find out how optical and magnetic soundtracks work. In the stereophonic system, three to five channels drove speakers behind the movie screen. The popular four-channel system included one channel driving a speaker on the left, one channel driving a speaker on the right, one channel driving a center speaker and one channel driving surround speakers along the sides and back of the theater.

Some systems boasted five separate channels behind the screen and one surround channel. In these movies, most of the sound is recorded on the front channels so that the words seem to come from the screen. When an actor speaks on the left side of the screen, the dialogue sound comes from the left speakers.

When an actor speaks on the right side, the sound comes from the right speakers. Most dialogue is also channeled to the center speakers, which serves to anchor, or focus, the sound on the screen. The rear track or tracks are typically reserved for "effect sounds," such as ambient background noise or a voice coming from off-screen.

In the s, Dolby Laboratories introduced a new sound format based on this same configuration. In the next section, we'll see what made this system the new standard for theater sound.