When was the platt amendment revoked

On May 20, , the United States relinquished its occupation authority over Cuba, but claimed a continuing right to intervene in Cuba. Diplomatic relations and the U. Legation in Havana were established on May 27, , when U. Following an act of Congress, the U. Crowder was appointed Ambassador.

The Platt Amendment was an attempt to appease both countries. The Platt Amendment set conditions under which the US would end its military occupation of Cuba but also granted the US the right to involve itself in Cuban affairs in order to protect Cuban independence.

Riders are sometimes also referred to as amendments, which is why it is called the Platt Amendment. The Platt Amendment placed some pretty stringent restrictions on Cuba. It was reluctantly accepted by Cuba, who amended their Constitution to include it. There were eight articles in the Platt Amendment, and the Cuban government had to agree to all of them before the US withdrew its troops from the island and recognized Cuban sovereignty.

Here are the articles of the Platt Amendment:. Article II. The Government of Cuba shall not assume or contract any public debt, to pay the interest upon which, and to make reasonable sinking fund provision for the ultimate discharge of which, the ordinary revenues of the island, after defraying the current expenses of government shall be inadequate.

Article III. The Government of Cuba consents that the United States may exercise the right to intervene for the preservation of Cuban independence, the maintenance of a government adequate for the protection of life, property, and individual liberty, and for discharging the obligations with respect to Cuba imposed by the treaty of Paris on the United States, now to be assumed and undertaken by the government of Cuba.

Article IV. All acts of the United States in Cuba during its military occupancy thereof are ratified and validated, and all lawful rights acquired thereunder shall be maintained and protected. Article V. The Government of Cuba will execute, and as far as necessary extend, the plans already devised or other plans to be mutually agreed upon, for the sanitation of the cities of the island, to the end that a recurrence of epidemic and infectious diseases may be prevented, thereby assuring protection to the people and commerce of Cuba, as well as to the commerce of the southern ports of the United States and the people residing therein.

Article VI. The Isle of Pines shall be omitted from the proposed constitutional boundaries of Cuba, the title thereto being left to future adjustment by treaty. Article VII.

Of the remaining conditions for American withdrawal, perhaps the one with the most lasting effect on Cuban-American relations was a provision allowing the United States to lease territory in Cuba for use as a naval station.

After several failed attempts to modify the amendment, however, the Cuban Constitutional Convention eventually resigned itself to ratifying it in June of American officials later incorporated the amendment into a permanent treaty with Cuba in Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Jessup, Root , I, Wood papers, Root to Wood, Feb. Wood papers, Wood to Root, Feb. The question of the authorship of the Platt Amendment has occasioned much controversy.

Platt later wrote to his oldest friend, Jno. Wellman to claim it for him, neither would it be fair for me to claim exclusively, the credit for it. It started with an original draft of four propositions by me, submitted to President McKinley and Secretary Root. Spooner and Platt drafted it in its final form. Platt quotation taken from Platt papers, Platt to Jno. Flagg, Jan. See Wood papers, Platt to Wood, April 24, , where Platt said he was scarcely entitled to the credit of having his name attached to the amendment because it was drafted in consultation with the President and Root on lines which had been communicated to Wood.

In Root told James Brown Scott that he had authored clauses one through four and seven, Wood authored number five and committee numbers six and eight of the Platt Amendment.

Root to Scott, Oct. Their meeting on February 5 probably revealed happily to both that they thought along the same lines. Wilson had written Root a six point proposal on Cuban relations. Root ignored this letter, Wilson papers, Wilson to Root, Nov. See Wilson to Robinson, May 9, , where he said all the Platt bill provisions were suggested by him at one time or another.

Jessup and Fitzgibbon point out that the main difference between the Wilson and Root proposals is that Wilson wanted these points to be drafted between two independent governments, after Cuba had been set free.

Also Wilson wanted to annex Cuba and Root did not. New York Times , Feb. Dawes, Journal of the McKinley Years ,