Where is the tensor fasciae latae located

The depressor labii inferioris muscle is a four-sided facial muscle located in the jaw area that draws the lower lip down and to the side.

The muscles of the face give it general form and contour, help you outwardly express your feelings, and enable you to chew your food. The quadriceps femoris is a group of muscles located in the front of the thigh. The Latin translation of 'quadriceps' is 'four headed,' as the group….

The palmaris brevis muscle lies just underneath the skin. It is a short muscle on the flat of the hand. The muscle begins at the flexor retinaculum in…. The movement of the upper arm and shoulder is controlled by a group of four muscles that make up the rotator cuff.

The largest and strongest muscle in…. The extensor pollicis longus muscle begins at the ulna and the interosseous membrane, a tough fibrous tissue that connects the ulna and the radius in…. The biceps brachii, sometimes known simply as the biceps, is a skeletal muscle that is involved in the movement of the elbow and shoulder. It is a…. The skeletal system is the foundation of your body, giving it structure and allowing for movement. I have a question. I can have an uncomfortable feelings on the outside of my right knee.

I have a full knee replacement on that side so it cant come from the joint. I started doing yoga seriously in November last year Ashtanga Mysore style. I also want to understand what is happening in my body. Im 53 and since I want to keep doing this as long as possible I think that understanding what is happening anatomically speaking is important.

My hips are not very open yet, especially on the right side, maybe because of walking with a bad knee for quite some time. I feel it in sitting half lotus when my right leg is on my left leg. Do you have suggestions for poses or exercises I could do. Thank you. September 12, hip knee pain muscle Anatomy Lower Limb. Exploring tensor fascia latae and its related structure, the iliotibial band The tensor fascia latae and the iliotibial band go hand in hand. What does tensor fascia latae mean?

What does iliotibial band mean? Where does the tensor fascia latae muscle attach? He explains, what role it plays in pain and dysfunction, and what can be done in the presence of a tight and overactive TFL muscle. Chris Paul 3 rubs his hip after he landed on the floor, The tensor fascia latae TFL is a hip muscle that is well known to rehabilitation therapists and allied health practitioners.

It is a muscle that may play a role in pain and dysfunction in the lower limb, pelvis and spine. It is however poorly understood, as the research studies that exist on this muscle are few and far between. Furthermore, much of the research and opinions have simplified the exact anatomy of, not only the TFL, but also its anatomical relationship to the iliotibial band ITB.

TFL is a muscle that has a complex anatomical arrangement with the ITB, and it performs various functional roles — not only in producing hip movement, but also imparting fascial tension through the fascia latae of the thigh and the specialised ITB. Therefore TFL also plays a key role in not only postural support during one legged stance, but also in limiting the tensile stress on the femur caused by the combination of bodyweight, ground reaction force and how these create unique bending forces on the femur.

Pare et al have presented arguably the most comprehensive anatomical and electomyographical study EMG study on the TFL to date 1. This followed a much earlier study in when Kaplan presented an exhaustive study on the TFL and iliotibial tract 2. Interestingly, Kaplan extended his study further by comparing the TFL and ITB in humans to other primate and mammals and discovered that human beings are the only mammals to have a defined ITB.

Gottschalk et al also added a substantial amount of knowledge regarding the anatomy and function of both the TFL and ITB 3. In this millennium, Fairclough et al 4 and Feto et al 5 have provided even further knowledge of the TFL and its relationship to the ITB via cadaveric and biomechanical modelling studies. The general consensus is that the TFL originates on the iliac crest starting at the ASIS just lateral to the origin of the sartorious , and extends posteriorly along the iliac crest about 2 to 5 cm to incorporate both bony investments into the iliac crest and investments onto the gluteal fascia 6 7 8.

Pare et al highlights that the muscle actually has two functionally and anatomically distinct heads — the anteromedial AM and posterolateral PM head 9. These will be discussed in detail later. The contentious issue however, is where the muscle ultimately inserts. It appears from available research, that the muscle has both a bony insertion onto the femur and a fascial insertion onto the ITB — or more specifically onto the specialised portion of the middle longitudinal layer MLL of the fascia lata of the thigh which we know as the ITB see figure 1.

Later work by Kaplan 11 showed that human beings are the only mammals to own a distinct facial lateral band down the thigh highlighting further that the ITB may play a role in bipedal stance and balance This view was further supported in biomechanical models suggested by Feto et al However, much later cadaveric studies showed that the exact anatomy of the ITB and its relationship to the TFL and gluteals was in fact far more complex.

The fascia lata of the thigh has a rather multifaceted array of layers that all interconnect. The MLL is a thick, longitudinal connective tissue, commencing on the iliac crest and extending downwards to have several insertions.

A large portion of the MLL blends with the inner transverse layer of the fascia lata to insert directly onto the femur. The MLL also has superficial fibres that extend all the way down to insert about the knee. It also has fibres that directly blend with the superficial fibres of the gluteus maximus The MLL therefore is joined in part to the gluteus maximus, and in part to the TFL.

The anteromedial fibres of the TFL blend with the MLL and course down the thigh to insert onto the lateral patella retinaculum. Therefore, this may influence somewhat the patella position in relation to the femoral trochlear groove. Some of the fibres not all of the posterolateral TFL, along with those superficial fibres of the gluteus maximus, invest onto the MLL and insert all the way down onto the lateral tubercle of the tibia.

They therefore do cross the knee joint and thus may have a role in a stabilising the pelvis and the lower limb. What needs to be pointed out about the MLL, is that as it courses down the thigh it blends quite heavily with the inner transverse layer of the fascia lata The inner transverse layer is quite developed and dense in the upper third of the thigh.

These transverse fibres run obliquely to anchor strongly to the femur These transverse layers represent part of the fibres that constitute the deep, thick intermuscular septum of the femur.

This septum effectively forms an osteo-fascial wall between the anterior quadriceps muscle group and the posterior hamstring muscle group. Fibres from the inner transverse layer also accept the superior fibres of the gluteus maximus to form an ascending tendon. The portion of the posterolateral TFL that did not blend with the MLL also blended with this ascending tendon to insert directly onto the intermuscular septum — and thus the femur.

In other words, the majority of the TFL indirectly inserts onto the femur via the ascending gluteal tendon, and indirectly via the blending of the MLL to the thick transverse layer. Further down the thigh, the ITB remains a thickened portion of the fascia lata, creating the fascial barrier between the anterior quadriceps and the posterior hamstrings.

It completely surrounds the thigh, is anchored to the distal lateral femoral shaft by strong obliquely directed fibrous strands that can represent a tendon enthuses, and is continuous with the patellar retinaculum Therefore Fairclough et al argue that the TFL has very little involvement in tibia movement and knee function and its role is primarily directed at the hip The main role of this functional head is to flex the hip in open kinetic chain movements such as hip flexion during the swing phase of gait.

This has been confirmed via EMG and electrical stimulation experiments The muscle becomes silent upon heel strike, suggesting that the muscle needs to be inactive to allow hip extension to occur during stance phase.

The muscle is most active during the acceleration phase of running, again suggesting its main role is as a powerful hip flexor